What is the primary purpose of Ground Fault Circuit Interrupters (GFCI)?

The primary purpose of Ground Fault Circuit Interrupters (GFCI) is to protect against ground faults and electrical shock. GFCIs are designed to monitor the flow of electricity in a circuit and can detect imbalances between the incoming and outgoing current. When a ground fault occurs—such as when someone accidentally comes into contact with a live electrical part—these devices quickly shut off the power to prevent serious injury or death from electrical shock. They are especially crucial in wet or damp locations, like bathrooms and kitchens, where the risk of electrical shock is higher.

GFCIs are not intended to enhance circuit performance or ensure proper circuit continuity, nor do they regulate voltage levels. Their specific design and function center around safety, making them a vital component in protecting individuals from the hazards of electrical faults. This focus on personal safety is why GFCIs are required in many residential and commercial applications by electrical codes.